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Effects of different sediment fractions on sorption of galaxolide

Lixia JIN, Mengchang HE, Jinghuan ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 59-65 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0259-1

摘要： Sorption isotherms of galaxolide (HHCB) of different fractions from two sediments with different mineral and organic carbon contents were determined to compare HHCB sorption behavior and contribution to the total sorption. The HHCB sorption isotherms that used the batch equilibration method were studied on different sediments of different fractions. The sorption isotherms of 600°C heating fractions were detailed using the linear model, while the other fractions were nonlinear and fitted well with the Freundlich model. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removed, NaOH extracted, and 375°C heating fractions showed more nonlinear sorption than the original sediments, which suggested more heterogeneous sorption sites in these fractions. Compared to the original sediments, the 375°C heating fractions had higher carbon-normalized distribution coefficient ( ) values, indicating a higher sorption affinity for HHCB. Among the different sediment fractions, the contribution of the 600°C heating fractions to the overall sorption were the lowest (<20%), while the 375°C heating fractions were the highest (up to 85%).

关键词： galaxolide (HHCB) sorption organic carbon sediment carbon-normalized distribution coefficient (K_oc)

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Occurrence and removal of selected polycyclic musks in two sewage treatment plants in Xi’an, China

Yongxiang REN, Kai WEI, Hua LIU, Guoqiang SUI, Junping WANG, Yanjun SUN, Xiaohui ZHENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 166-172 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0471-2

摘要： Polycyclic musks are widely used for cosmetics and other personal care and household cleaning products. The occurrence and removal of two representative polycyclic musks, galaxolide (HHCB) and tonalide (AHTN) were investigated in three different processes of two sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Xi’an, China. The samples were preconcentrated by solid phase extraction procedure and analyzed using a gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) by a modified procedure. The HHCB was in the range of 82.8 to 182.5 ng·L in the influents and 22.6 to 103.9 ng·L in the effluents. The AHTN ranged from 11.0 to 19.3 ng·L in the influents and 2.2 to 8.8 ng·L in the effluents. The removal efficiency of the two musks varied in the ranges of 43.1%–70.4% for HHCB and 54.2%–84.4% for AHTN. Concentrations of the two musks in aqueous phase of three processes slightly increased along the primary process, and significantly removed during the biologic treatment processes, revealing that the selected musks could be remarkably removed in varied activated sludge processes. Advanced processes of activated sludge did not show a significant superiority on selected musk removal compared to the conventional process. The selected musk removal mainly resulted from the adsorption function of activated sludge. There was no significant change of HHCB/AHTN ratios along the treatment flow, indicating that each sewage treatment structure had a similar removal efficiency for the two musks.

关键词： polycyclic musk sewage tonalide (AHTN) galaxolide (HHCB) removal efficiency adsorption

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Single and joint effects of HHCB and cadmium on zebrafish (

Lei ZHANG, Jing AN, Qixing ZHOU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 360-372 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0353-z

摘要： As an important type of emerging pollutants, ecological toxicity and risk of artificial musks are increasingly concerned. Thus, single and joint toxic effects of 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8- hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran (HHCB) as one of the most widely applied artificial musks and cadmium (Cd) as an toxic metal on zebrafish ( ) were investigated by the exposure of zebrafish to various concentrations of HHCB or/and Cd in feculent water containing bedloads. The results indicated that the joint effect of HHCB and Cd changed during different exposure times within 120 h. The index of the antioxidant enzyme system including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were sensitive and induced in the zebrafish stressed by Cd, and content of soluble protein (SP) was sensitive to HHCB and could be used as a biomarker for HHCB. Joint effects on antioxidant enzymes depended more on the effect of single Cd in the first one or two days. However, in the rest exposure days, the effect of HHCB began to dominate in the joint effect during the exposure process.

关键词： 1 3 4 6 7 8-hexahydro-4 6 6 7 8 8-hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran (HHCB) cadmium (Cd) antioxidant biomarker feculent water containing bedloads